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A geostrategic issue:

Lima, Pucallpa and the Rainforrest

Railroad to connect the waterways of the rainforrest with the city of Lima


PERU:   1.2 million square kilometers of land divided into a coastal and mountain part and a rainforrest part
- with very poor connection between the two halves of Peru -
[ img - tripartido-UK.jpg ]
In addition there is an equal third "half" - as maritime territory .
200 nautical miles along the 2000km coastline
- and very few Peruvian ships to navigate it
Klaus Lynge
EUR ING

One half of Peru is Rainforrest - connected to the other half of Peru with only 4 links:
1): Sarameriza - NOT ACTIVE - a port as is not yet established
2): Yurimaguas - It has the only river port in the Andes, useful for export over Paita to the Pacific Ocean
3): Pucallpa - A Productive node with a large flow. NO port - only landings and road connection to Lima
4): Puerto Maldonado - There is not much port - but there is a good land connection to Brazil
In the Andean part of Peru, all is by highways.

NO navigable rivers

[img - Pe + vias.jpg]
[img - Pe + rios2.jpg]
In the Rainforrest part of the country, all traffic is navigating on the rivers.

There are NO roads

There are too 700 thousand square kilometers of maritime territory
But Peru IS NOT a MARITIME country. In NO WAY. The small fleet of Peruvian ships IS NOT enough to serve the imports and exports of the country, and therefore we need support from foreign carriers.
There is no "Delivery" for the export - there is a type of "Self-Service":   Customers can come and pick up their purchases!
CONCLUSION:   In Peru there is simply NO maritime consciousness. (There is too a large fleet of crafts fishing eagerly, but a great part of these are under foreign control)


[ img - mapa-hidrovia2.png ]
[ img - rio.sinuoso.jpg ]
The rivers are very winding, but they are the only transport ways in the rainforrest
The rivers in the south-east of Peru (Yarúa River, Purús River, Madre de Dios River with Piedras River and Tambopata River) do not serve much as waterways to interconnect the country - they are running downwards and connects to Brazil

The proposal is to JOIN Peru

- connect the rivers of the rainforrest with the market of Lima -

Establish a railroad from "the gate" of the rainforrest (Pucallpa) to the Capital

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- the peruvian Rainforrest is insulated from Peru -

TOPIC-1:   Where to climb a railroad

from the lowland and up the slopes of the mountain ranges

- and where to connect to the old FCA railroad

The half of the population of Peru lives in the capital Lima
The capital Lima is the main market for products from all over the rainforrest
- too very important:   The port for export to the Pacific Ocean is Callao - the export to the Atlantic Ocean goes down the rivers to Iquitos.
the strategic VALUE
and the FEASIBILITY
of the current FLOW of cargo between Pucallpa and Lima
has still not been studied
[img - mapaFC.Pucallpa.png]
Proposal from the year 1950
- for a train as never arrived in Pucallpa
1): If the best route is from Pucallpa by Carretera Marginal - La Merced - Tarma /Oroya to get to Lima by FCA
      - or maybe:
2): From Pucallpa through Tingo María - Huanuco - Cerro del Pasco to arrive by FCA to Lima
      - that depends of a simple decision 3): A side-leap: The geographical and geometrical center of Peru is Puerto Inca in Huanuco
the difficulties of today are the zigzags built for steam trains

Topic-2:   Utility of the FCA rails

If a train from Pucallpa needs to pass the old and obsolete rails of FCA, we need to correct the line and eliminate zigzags and turntables in a way that allows electric trains to pass with high speed.
NOTE: A railway must allow freight trains to pass with at least 50km/hour - all along the length
And minimum the double speed for passenger trains
Passenger trains run on the same rails as freight trains - there is no problem of coexistence
FCA was designed in the time of Pacific war
- and took 35 years to build

Today as a transport system it is more or less obsolete
- it does not even carry passengers

Nevertheless: FCA is an impressive work seen with historical eyes.

[img - zigzag-FCA-karte.gif]
The wild many zig-zags of the Central Andean Railroad
The idea of ​​the Ministry of Culture, to freely hand this railway over to UNESCO as Cultural Heritage of Humanity

That for me looks great:

The idea to change it to a Historical Monument, an on-the-site museum or a footpath for tourist and adventurous cyclists or something like that

¡ One stone less in the shoe !

In the old days, construction machinery ran on steam engines, they used chisels and hammers for drilling and black powder for blasting - and men with pickaxes and shovels loading cars as were pulled by horses. From there the construction technology has developed strongly.
Tools of today and machinery allow superior solutions to serve our needs.
The solution of today is as always: bridges, tunnels and galleries - but now with more declination and smoother curves
the greatest obstacle is Lima itself

Topic-3:   The city of Lima and Callao

Penetration in the city is very difficult for cargo - both by trains and trucks

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A station is a place where an exchange is made between two or more modes of transport.
We can characterize it as a NODE between transport systems.
Although FCA today is a train for cargo only, the entire province of Lima lacks a 'Freight Station' or 'a Dry Port' as can receive the trains for transfer of their flow of cargo to another mode of transport for distribution
A cargo station is different from a passenger station and very rare we can see the two stations united in one.
It is not my impression that the province of Lima has foreseen a cargo station.
Neither has Callao, where the FCA only can arrive with their minerals to one of the 4 port terminals. No general cargo.

The problem in Lima in relation to the trains, is not the geography as in the mountain ranges, it is its lack of needed space.
IF Peru in the future decides to connect with its rainforrest = connect to Pucallpa with a cargo station in the surroundings of Lima - and with the port of Callao for export. There is no planning that has foreseen a railway more than the old FCA.
There is no room to establish a bigger station - there is NO surface room to penetrate the city with corridors and rails.
They probably need to drill underground with tunnels.

In this mode: The technical problem of connecting the rainforrest with Peru is the same Lima


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- TRAINS for PUCALLPA -
 

EJEMPLOS:

Trains running on the Railways of the World


 :

Trains for transport of passengers


Local Trains

[ img - Rørosbanen.jpg ]Local train - one wagon
:(A):
[ img - lokaltog.jpg ]Local Train - two wagons

Regional Trains

[ img - DSB_IR4_-_2019.jpg ]Regional train - 4 wagons
:(B):
[ img - DSB-IR4.jpg ]internal of the same regional train

Trains for medium distances

[ img - intercity-double-decker.jpg ]locomototive with wagons in two floors
:(C):
[ img - regionaltog.Skåne.jpg ]inter-regional train with many wagons

High speed trains for large distances

[ img - x2000_2.jpg ]express x2000 passing a curve with a speed of 250km/h
:(D):
[ img - X2000_2nd.class.jpg ]internal of train x2000 - common class
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- trains as we never have seen in Peru -

Special trains


Transport of road carriages


[ img - mixedCargo.jpg ]Train with mixed cargo
:(1):
[ img - carsByTrain.jpg ]Delivery of new cars

Transport of whole trucks

[ img - trucks-train.jpg ]long distance transport of loaded trucks
:(2):
[ img - RoRo-train.jpg ]minor trucks on a "rolling road"

Transport of hangers WITHOUT driver

[ img - tanktrailers.jpg ]Transport of tank hangers for liquid
:(3):
[ img - trailer+megaswing.jpg ]Transport of hangers for general cargo

Loading with hangers

[ img - loadingTrailer.jpg ]placing a hanger with crane (from above)
:(4):
[ img - loadOfSættevogn+Stacker.jpg ]placing hanger with fork-lift (from the side)
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- more trains for cargo -

Trains for many products


Transport of containers

[ img - SimpleContainerTrain.jpg ]Train with containers - one container on each wagon
:(5):
[ img - doubleStack+tunel.jpg ]Dual layer containers in front of tunnel - low wagon

Material for construction

[ img - pipesTransport.jpg ]transport of long pipes
:(6):
[ img - steelBars.jpg ]steel bars for building construction

Transport of flammable liquid

[ img - TankCars.jpg ]tank wagons for liquid fuel
:(7):
[ img - LNG.TankCar.jpg ]LNG - Liquid Natural Gas

Agriculture and farming transport

[ img - milkTankCars.jpg ]Tank wagons for milk
:(8):
[ img - graincar+silo.jpg ]hopper wagones for grains
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- trains to connect Peru with the World -

Treains for primary material


Transport for the wood industry

[ img - logs-rail-service.jpg ]Raw trunks for sawmill
:(9):
[ img - loadingFromSawmill.jpg ]processed planks and plywood

Mineral products

[ img - cement+flyash.jpg ]tank wagons for cement in bulk
:(10):
[ img - PeruRailMineralCargo.jpg ]Transport of mineral from 'Las Bambas'

Transport of mineral ore from the mines

[ img - Kiruna-bottomOreDumper.jpg ]tipper wagon unloading its 100 tons in the bottom
:(11):
[ img - Kiruna-SideDumpOreWagon.jpg ]wagon unloading by tipping sideways

[ img - KirunaIronOreTrain.jpg ]Massive transport in Kiruna: Mine train transporting iron ore - 10-12 trains a day


Pusac web - updated December 2022